The French Basque Country, or Pays Basque, is one of France’s most captivating regions, offering a unique blend of Basque culture, stunning coastal scenery, charming villages, and mouthwatering cuisine. Nestled in the southwest corner of France, bordering Spain, this region is a paradise for travelers who appreciate history, nature, and gastronomy. From the lively streets of Biarritz to the rolling green hills of the Pyrenees, exploring the French Basque Country promises an unforgettable experience. Here’s how to make the most of your visit.
1. Discover the Coastal Beauty of Biarritz and Saint-Jean-de-Luz
Biarritz: The Elegant Seaside Retreat
Biarritz, once a glamorous 19th-century resort town for European royalty, remains one of the most sophisticated destinations in the French Basque Country. Known for its pristine beaches, world-class surf, and Belle Époque architecture, this coastal city combines luxury with laid-back charm.
- Top Attractions:
- The Rocher de la Vierge, a dramatic rock formation with a stunning viewpoint
- The Biarritz Lighthouse, offering panoramic views of the coastline
- The Cité de l’Océan, a fascinating museum dedicated to the ocean and surfing
- The elegant Hotel du Palais, a historic palace-turned-luxury hotel
- Outdoor Activities:
- Surfing at Grande Plage or Côte des Basques, some of Europe’s best surf spots
- Strolling along the Promenade de la Grande Plage
- Indulging in a seafood feast at Les Halles de Biarritz, a vibrant local market
Saint-Jean-de-Luz: A Charming Fishing Village
Just a short drive south of Biarritz, Saint-Jean-de-Luz is a picturesque fishing town with a rich history and a relaxed seaside atmosphere. Known for its sheltered bay, traditional Basque houses, and delicious seafood, it’s the perfect place for a more tranquil experience.
- Must-See Spots:
- The Port, lined with colorful fishing boats and waterfront cafés
- Saint John the Baptist Church, where Louis XIV was married in 1660
- Place Louis XIV, a lively square filled with restaurants and street performers
- Things to Do:
- Walk along the Socoa Fort, offering incredible views of the Atlantic
- Try the famous Basque cake (gâteau basque) from a local bakery
- Relax on Plage de Saint-Jean-de-Luz, a beautiful sandy beach
2. Experience the Heart of Basque Culture in Bayonne
No trip to the French Basque Country is complete without visiting Bayonne, the cultural capital of the region. A city filled with charming half-timbered houses, ancient ramparts, and rich Basque traditions, Bayonne is a delight to explore.
- Cultural Highlights:
- Bayonne Cathedral (Cathédrale Sainte-Marie), a UNESCO-listed Gothic masterpiece
- The Basque Museum (Musée Basque), showcasing the history and traditions of the region
- The Grand Bayonne and Petit Bayonne districts, filled with narrow, winding streets and lively markets
- Local Specialties:
- Bayonne ham (Jambon de Bayonne), a world-famous cured ham
- Chocolate shops, as Bayonne is considered the birthplace of chocolate in France
- Traditional Basque cider, best enjoyed in a lively cider house
3. Explore the Inland Villages and Countryside
While the coastal towns attract many visitors, the true essence of the French Basque Country lies in its charming inland villages and rolling countryside. These villages offer a glimpse into traditional Basque life, complete with red and white half-timbered houses, bustling markets, and an unmistakable sense of identity.
Espelette: The Village of Peppers
Famous for its bright red Espelette peppers, this small village is a must-visit for food lovers.
- What to Do:
- Walk through the village to admire the peppers hanging from house facades
- Visit a local farm or shop to learn about the pepper drying process
- Sample Espelette-infused delicacies like chocolate, cheese, and sausages
Ainhoa: One of France’s Prettiest Villages
Ranked as one of the “Most Beautiful Villages in France,” Ainhoa is a picture-perfect stop on any Basque itinerary.
- Must-See Attractions:
- The historic church and cemetery
- The main street lined with traditional Basque homes
- The stunning countryside views ideal for a short hike
Cambo-les-Bains: A Thermal Spa Town
If you’re looking for a bit of relaxation, visit Cambo-les-Bains, known for its thermal spas and lush gardens.
- Top Attractions:
- Villa Arnaga, a Basque-style mansion once home to French playwright Edmond Rostand
- The thermal baths, offering a range of wellness treatments
4. Savor Basque Cuisine and Gastronomy
The French Basque Country is a paradise for food lovers 
, boasting bold flavors, fresh seafood, and unique regional ingredients.
Must-Try Dishes:
- Piperade: A flavorful dish made with tomatoes, onions, and Espelette peppers, often served with ham or eggs
- Axoa: A traditional Basque veal stew, slow-cooked with onions, peppers, and spices
- Basque cheesecake (Gâteau Basque): A delicious almond-based cake filled with either custard or black cherry jam
- Cidre and Txakoli: Refreshing Basque ciders and wines that pair perfectly with local dishes
Where to Eat:
- Les Halles de Biarritz – A fantastic local market with fresh seafood, cheeses, and charcuterie
- Etxe Nami (Bayonne) – A hidden gem offering modern Basque cuisine
- Auberge Basque (Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle) – A Michelin-starred restaurant with stunning countryside views
5. Enjoy Outdoor Adventures and Scenic Landscapes
The Basque Country offers plenty of outdoor activities, from coastal hikes to mountain treks. Whether you’re an experienced hiker or simply want to enjoy the scenery, there’s something for everyone.
Hiking and Nature:
- La Rhune: A scenic hike (or train ride) to the summit of this iconic mountain, offering panoramic views of France and Spain
- Sentier du Littoral: A breathtaking coastal walking trail connecting Bidart to Hendaye
- Gorges de Kakuetta: A hidden natural wonder featuring waterfalls and lush forests
Water Activities:
- Surfing in Biarritz – Try a lesson at one of Europe’s top surf spots
- Kayaking in the Nive River – Paddle through the lush Basque countryside
- Boat trips in Hendaye – Sail along the coastline for incredible views
Conclusion
From the chic seaside elegance of Biarritz to the rustic charm of Espelette, the French Basque Country is a destination that captivates every traveler. Whether you’re exploring picturesque villages, indulging in Basque cuisine, or embarking on outdoor adventures, this region offers an unforgettable experience. With its deep cultural roots, spectacular landscapes, and warm hospitality, the French Basque Country is a must-visit gem in southwest France.
